I need help with cell biology questions

Question Description

RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) analysis can be used to distinguish between alleles based on differences in which of the following?

a. The amount of DNA amplified from the alleles during PCR.

b. Restriction enzyme recognition sites between the alleles.

c. The ability of the alleles to be replicated in bacterial cells.

d. The proteins expressed from the alleles.

Which of the following characteristics of short tandem repeats (STRs) DNA makes it useful for DNA profiling?

a. The sequence of DNA that is repeated varies significantly from individual-to-individual.

b. Every group has inherited different short tandem repeats depending on their origin.

c. The number of repeats is highly variable from person-to-person or animal-to-animal.

d. The sequence variation is acted upon differently by natural selection in different environments.

Gene C and gene D are known to be 15 map units apart on the same chromosome. Individuals homozygous dominant for these genes are mated with homozygous recessives. The F1 offspring are then mated with homozygous recessive individuals. If there are 500 F2 offspring from this cross, how many of these would you expect to show the crossover phenotypes?

a. 15

b. 75

c. 8

d. 250

Non-parental phenotypes are produced in test crosses of the F1 progeny of dihybrid crosses involving linked genes because of –

a. Polygenic inheritance

b. Equal segregation

c. Recombination

d. Epistatic effects

Suppose alleles M and n are linked on one chromosome, and m and N are linked on the homologous chromosome. Individuals homozygous for M and n are mated with individual homozygous for m and N. Their offspring are crossed with homozygous recessive individuals, and the following results are recorded:

Mn/mn 232

mN/mn 240

MN/mn 15

mn/mn 13

a. 28

b. 50

c. 5.6

d. 2.8

Pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy is a human disorder that causes gradual deterioration of the muscles. Only boys are affected, and they are always born to phenotypically normal parents. Due to the severity of the disease, the boys die in their teens. Is this disorder likely to be caused by a dominant or recessive allele? Is the inheritance of this trait sex-linked or autosomal?

a. Recessive, autosomal

b. Recessive, sex-linked

c. Dominant, autosomal

d. Dominant, sex-linked

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