Draft a reply to another students discussion board post. The original instructions of the post are as follows:

: Compare and contrast 2 of the following major types of health services professionals: physicians, nurses, dentists, pharmacists, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and certified nurse midwives. Include their roles, training, practice requirements, and practice settings. Discuss the interrelationship between medical providers and professional and the patients they serve with the context of an overarching health care delivery systems.

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Overview

In the health care realm, there are many health services professionals to support the everyday health needs of communities. To name a few, there are physicians, nurses, dentists, pharmacists, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and certified nurse-midwives. This paper will seek to investigate the roles, training, practice requirements, and practice settings for pharmacists and certified nurse-midwives.

Pharmacists Roles, Training, Practice Requirements, and Practice Settings

Pharmacists aid patients through the delivery of prescription medications from physicians, podiatrists, dentists, and provide consultation on the proper use and selection of medicines (Shi and Singh, 2019). Up until 2004, the bachelors of a pharmacy degree were acceptable, however by 2005, it became phased out as the standard has increased nationally to a Doctorate of Pharmacy from an accredited university. According to Boyle and Myford (2013), the standard and expectations are increasing and can be observed in the North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination (NAPLEX). This examination is comprised of entry-level practitioners of a 43 competency statement, 250 question-test taken over 6 hours (NAPLEX, 2016). The majority of licensed pharmacists “hold salaried positions and work in community pharmacies that are independently owned or are part of a national drugstore, supermarket, or department store chain (Shi and Singh, 2019, p. 192). From my own experience as a health care worker and health consumer, my interactions pharmacists are pleasant to work with, knowledgeable, and have an oddly attractive sense of humor to make the time past in the day.

Certified Nurse-Midwives Roles, Training, Practice Requirements, and Practice Settings

In the 1980s and 1990s, Hollywood portrayed the birthing experience as a highly tense, stressful, and fast-paced experience through theatrical dialogue and effects. This gave new and expecting moms the sense of hurrying to the hospital, running red-lights, and is there a doctor in here effect?! We know this is not the real perception of most. A woman knows when the baby is coming and that is the job of certified nurse-midwives to help assist and aid pregnant women for a natural birthing experience.

Certified Nurse Midwives (CNM) must have their registered nurse (RN) license before applying for the specialty CNM position. They are accredited through the American Midwifery Certification Board (AMCB) and have rigorous training requirements including being at minimum master degree holder and must have clinical experience from another CNM or Advance Practice RN (APRN) (Why AMCB Certification, n.d.). As a CNM, they perform work in hospitals, clinics, birthing centers, and patient homes. The AMCB works in coordination with the American College of Obstetricians (ACOG) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) for guidance and best practices. Grünebaum et al., (2015) point out the importance of certification because “at least 30% if midwife-attended planned homebirths are not low risk and not within clinical criteria set by ACOG and AAP” (p. 350.e1). On a personal note, my wife and I used CNM [accredited through AMCB] and delivered our first child at a natural birthing center located within the hospital [if escalation was needed]. Our second child just came this past Friday, July 10^th, 2020 with an at-home water birth. Accreditation and experience are everything to expecting mothers and families

Bible Integration

The English Standard Bible, (2001/2020), Proverbs 1:5 says, “Let the wise hear and increase in learning, and the one who understands obtain guidance.” In our youth, we may want to grow up to do something as important and rewarding such as being a doctor, but those who are wise and want to increase in learning will obtain such positions through God’s will. Additionally, Proverbs 16:3 says, “Commit your work to the LORD, and your plans will be established.” (Proverbs 16:3, ESV). As believers in Jesus Christ, if we have ears to hear, a desire to learn, and the ability to commit our work to God, then our plans will be established.

References

Boyle, M., & Myford, C. (2013). Pharmacists’ expectations for entry-level practitioner competency. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 77(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe7715

English Standard Version, Proverbs 1:5. (n.d.). Retrieved July 16, 2020, from https://www.esv.org/Proverbs+1/ (Original work published 2001)

English Standard Version, Proverbs 16:3. (n.d.). Retrieved July 16, 2020, from https://www.esv.org/Proverbs+16/ (Original work published 2001)

Grünebaum, A., MD, McCullough, L. B., PhD, Brent, Robert L., MD, PhD, DSc (Hon), Arabin, B., MD, Levene, Malcolm I., MD, FRCP, FRCPH, & Chervenak, F. A., MD. (2015). Perinatal risks of planned home births in the united states. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 212(3), 350.e1-350.e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2014.10.021

NAPLEX. National Association of Boards of Pharmacy NABP. (2016). National Association of Boards of Pharmacy. https://nabp.pharmacy/programs/naplex/

Shi, L. & Singh, D. A. (2019). Essentials of the U.S. Health Care System (5^th ed.). Burlington, Massachusetts: Jones & Bartlett Learning. Retrieved from https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy.liberty.edu

Why AMCB Certification. (n.d.). Retrieved July 16, 2020, from www.amcbmidwife.org website: https://www.amcbmidwife.org/amcb-certification/why-amcb-certification-