Il need to reply to the posts of two below discussions of other peers. Replies must focus on increasing knowledge of the class and must advance the discussion further. Simply affirming your peers does not count as a substantive reply.

Discussion 1

The banks account for a specific percentage of GDP and in a recession, this proportion would fall due to the loss of retail activity and to cash based cash transaction reduction. The interaction between what banks actually hold the liquidity they hold on their balance sheet and the level of investment is expressed in the lending rate (Biswas, T. (2020)). So in a depressed economy, it is crucial to ensure that the banks can lend, since they account for a specific percentage of GDP. But the crisis has brought home the need for even more substantial reforms. Before the financial crisis, banks’ oversized size did not cause them to have less competitive edge over nonfinancial firms; the internal structure of the financial system was regulated, not a result of market forces. Now, the size of financial institutions matters for markets. And we should bring the Federal Reserve’s role more into the picture, by providing more power to stabilize markets and prevent or at least mitigate their downward movement when markets are troubled. These are just a few of the potential changes that should be a priority in the Federal Reserve’s deliberations going forward. But the Congress’ role is also vital. Federal Reserve Governors should be free to make decisions about monetary policy and the pace of its economic recovery at any time. In the past, the Federal Reserve has worked more cooperatively with the Treasury and other policymakers than with Congress (Khan, A. (2020)).

References:

Moudud-Ul-Huq, S., Zheng, C., Gupta, A. D., Hossain, S. A., & Biswas, T. (2020). Risk and performance in emerging economies: do bank diversification and financial crisis matter?. Global Business Review, 0972150920915301.

Paltrinieri, A., Dreassi, A., Rossi, S., & Khan, A. (2020). Risk-adjusted profitability and stability of Islamic and conventional banks: Does revenue diversification matter?. Global Finance Journal, 100517.

Discussion 2

Banks play an important role in the economy of a country. Most of the banks in India are functioning quite well. A large number of banks in India are fully supported by the Reserve Bank of India. As the regional RBI head in the state of Rajasthan responsible for the running of about 1000 state government banks in India. Indian banks have very strong capital provisioning mechanisms to defend against bad debt, bad loans, and regulatory resiliency. India has a very good and competitive banking system. Banks are well equipped with modern IT systems that facilitate banking transactions and concern is that these banks are being used to stifle competition. A recent Fitch report states that (Khan, A. (2020)). Following an extended restructuring process Bharti Airtel India’s biggest telecoms company had slashed the number of employees from nearly 12,000 to around 7,500 by 2011. Most of the staff were brought on board through a mere phone call or a letter to the chairman of the company. However, the bank’s failure can easily affect the entire financial system that includes the exchange rate, foreign reserves, foreign exchange, international transactions, other financial institutions, and the regular running of the stock exchange etc. Financial stability as a result of the fact that the economy is so dependent on banks for the functioning of the financial system is indispensable for the development of a society and a country (Biswas, T. (2020)).

References:

Moudud-Ul-Huq, S., Zheng, C., Gupta, A. D., Hossain, S. A., & Biswas, T. (2020). Risk and performance in emerging economies: do bank diversification and financial crisis matter?. Global Business Review, 0972150920915301.

Paltrinieri, A., Dreassi, A., Rossi, S., & Khan, A. (2020). Risk-adjusted profitability and stability of Islamic and conventional banks: Does revenue diversification matter?. Global Finance Journal, 100517.

Matallah, S. (2020). Economic diversification in MENA oil exporters: Understanding the role of governance. Resources Policy, 66, 101602.